Relationships and Redemption
So the statue is of some egyptian diety, Ben woke up in the desert, red haired girl from the frieghter was studying the polar bear remains in the desert, etc…
Adam and Eve from the caves in Season one, Rose and Bernard?
Jacob made contact with all of the losties at some point. Was he making constants so he could bounce around in time? He made sure to touch them and interact with them significantly.
The wheel ben turns in the cave in order to move the island looks like a wheel from a ship, black rock?
Many characters have the names of various philosophers, are there now religious undertones with Jacob, perhaps Esau?
I think the whole show is about redemption and that everyone is caught in a time loop. Just as Miles said, the incident Jack was trying to prevent may have been the incident they caused to occur. As the characters find themselves and no longer become LOST, they begin to act differently redeeming themselves and altering their future, or getting out of the time loop.

I agree that Jack caused the incident, so far no one has succeeded at CHANGING anything, and has only succeeded in being the cause (i.e. Sayid shooting Ben, led to Ben becoming an Other)…
The thing that confuses me about Jacob and time travel, is that Jacob touched both Jin and Sun, but Sun didn’t go back in time…
I believe you are spot on in emphasizing the infinite loop that everyone seems to be caught in. In a philosophical sense and perhaps a physical one, the whole universe is just an endless chain of repeating events; birth and death, expansion and contraction, order and disorder. The ONLY thing that seems to contradict this theme is Jacobs statement about the Black Rock not being the end, and anything thus far being progress. This does suggest some kind of finality. Then again, it could just be the end of one particular cycle of events that is destined to repeat itself.
GoJoe99, I agree the show is about redemption amongst other things.
The mythology, symbolism and references to good and evil are there.
Paradox, Nobody knows for sure if Jack prevented or caused anything with the incident. We will not know for certain until Season 6.
I would say that change has already occurred, given the fact ‘the losties’ were interacting in a time period they should not have been in, in the first place.